<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-1'?>
<metadata>
 <idinfo>
  <citation>
   <citeinfo>
    <origin>GeoDigital International</origin>
    <pubdate>20121130</pubdate>
    <title>State of South Dakota LiDAR - Raw Point Cloud - o112114a-11406</title>
    <geoform>3D Masspoints</geoform>
    <onlink>none</onlink>
   </citeinfo>
  </citation>
  <descript>
   <abstract>&#xd;
LiDAR data is remotely sensed high-resolution elevation data collected by an airborne collection platform. By positioning laser range finding with the use of 1 second GPS with 100 Hz inertial measurement unit (IMU) corrections, GeoDigital International's LiDAR instruments are able to make highly detailed geospatial elevation products of the ground, man-made structures and vegetation.&#xd;
The LiDAR mass points are classified, the ground points are extracted by building an iterative surface model. Additionnal products (hydro flattening breaklines, Hydro-Enforced Bare Earth DEMs as well as Full Feature DEMs) are then derived from the Lidar mass points.&#xd;
</abstract>
   <purpose>The purpose of this LiDAR project was to provide high accuracy, classified multiple return LiDAR and derivative products for a total area of 10,937km2 consisting of multiple counties in South Dakota. This project supports the Statewide LiDAR initiative and other applications for the State of South Dakota..</purpose>
  </descript>
  <timeperd>
   <timeinfo>
    <rngdates>
     <begdate>20120423</begdate>
     <begtime>151321</begtime>
     <enddate>20120423</enddate>
     <endtime>152827</endtime>
    </rngdates>
   </timeinfo>
   <current>Ground Condition</current>
  </timeperd>
  <status>
   <progress>Complete</progress>
   <update>None Planned</update>
  </status>
  <spdom>
   <bounding>
    <westbc>-97.535344480</westbc>
    <eastbc>-97.490848812</eastbc>
    <northbc>44.551516910</northbc>
    <southbc>43.944040396</southbc>
   </bounding>
  </spdom>
  <keywords>
   <theme>
    <themekt>None</themekt>
    <themekey>ASPRS standards</themekey>
    <themekey>elevation</themekey>
    <themekey>LAS_v1.2</themekey>
    <themekey>laser</themekey>
    <themekey>LiDAR</themekey>
    <themekey>surface model</themekey>
   </theme>
   <place>
    <placekt>None</placekt>
    <placekey>Beadle</placekey>
    <placekey>Clay</placekey>
    <placekey>Codington</placekey>
    <placekey>Hanson</placekey>
    <placekey>Miner</placekey>
    <placekey>Sanborn</placekey>
    <placekey>Spink</placekey>
    <placekey>Turner</placekey>
    <placekey>Union</placekey>
    <placekey>Yankton</placekey>
    <placekey>Roberts</placekey>
    <placekey>Grant</placekey>
    <placekey>Deuel</placekey>
    <placekey>Brookings</placekey>
    <placekey>Moody</placekey>
    <placekey>McCook</placekey>
    <placekey>Kingsbury</placekey>
    <placekey>Davison</placekey>
    <placekey>Hutchinson</placekey>
    <placekey>South Dakota</placekey>
    <placekey>MidWest</placekey>
    <placekey>United States of America</placekey>
   </place>
  </keywords>
  <accconst>All deliverable data and documentation are the property of State of South Dakota</accconst>
  <useconst>Any conclusions from results of the analysis of this LiDAR are not the responsibility of GeoDigital International. The LiDAR data was thoroughly visually verified to represent the true ground conditions at time of collection. Users should be aware of this limitations of this dataset if using for critical applications.</useconst>
  <ptcontac>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntorgp>
     <cntorg>GeoDigital International</cntorg>
     <cntper>Claude Vickers</cntper>
    </cntorgp>
    <cntpos>Program Management Office</cntpos>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
     <address>137 West Central Avenue</address>
     <city>Lompoc</city>
     <state>California</state>
     <postal>93438</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>1-805-740-0077</cntvoice>
    <cntfax>1-805-740-4977</cntfax>
    <cntemail>cvickers@geodigital.com</cntemail>
    <hours>Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time</hours>
   </cntinfo>
  </ptcontac>
 </idinfo>
 <dataqual>
  <attracc>
   <attraccr>According to GeoDigital International standards; the following aspects of&#xd;
the LiDAR data was verified during the course of the project processing:&#xd;
-Data completeness and integrity&#xd;
-Data accuracy and errors&#xd;
-Anomaly checks through full-feature hillshades&#xd;
-Post automated classification Bare-earth verification&#xd;
-RMSE inspection of final bare-earth model using kinematic and static GPS&#xd;
-Final quality control of deliverable products; ensuring integrity; graphical quality; conformance to GeoDigital International standards are met for all delivered products.</attraccr>
  </attracc>
  <logic>All files delivered were verified and tested to ensure they open and are positioned properly.</logic>
  <complete>On a project level, a coverage check is carried out to ensure no slivers are present</complete>
  <posacc>
   <horizpa>
    <horizpar>Compiled to meet 1.04 meter horizontal accuracy at the 95 percent confidence level</horizpar>
   </horizpa>
   <vertacc>
    <vertaccr>Raw elevation measurements have been tested against 20,239  GeoDigital International acquired kinematic GPS points based on NSSDA standards. Supplemental checks were also preformed in short, long grass as well. Results are available in the main report</vertaccr>
    <qvertpa>
     <vertaccv>0.091</vertaccv>
     <vertacce>The Lidar data have been tested 0.091 meters fundamental vertical accuracy at 95 percent confidence level.</vertacce>
    </qvertpa>
   </vertacc>
  </posacc>
  <lineage>
   <srcinfo>
    <srccite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>GeoDigital International</origin>
      <pubdate>Unpublished Material</pubdate>
      <title>Lidar data acquired on an airborne platform</title>
      <geoform>Digital measurments</geoform>
     </citeinfo>
    </srccite>
    <typesrc>Digital data</typesrc>
    <srctime>
     <timeinfo>
      <rngdates>
       <begdate>20120403</begdate>
       <enddate>20121020</enddate>
      </rngdates>
     </timeinfo>
     <origin>National Geodetic Survey</origin>
     <pubdate>2012</pubdate>
     <title>Survey information on a geodetic control station</title>
     <edition>One</edition>
     <geoform>Datasheet</geoform>
     <onlink>http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl</onlink>
    </srctime>
    <srccitea>Published_NGS_Coordinates</srccitea>
    <srctime>
     <timeinfo>
      <sngdate>
       <caldate>2012</caldate>
      </sngdate>
     </timeinfo>
     <srccurr>EPOCH</srccurr>
    </srctime>
    <typesrc>ascii file</typesrc>
    <srccontr>Survey control station coordinates (latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height)</srccontr>
   </srcinfo>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>&#xd;
- Establishment of survey points to support the LiDAR data collection.&#xd;
Ten existing published NGS survey monuments (QQ0640, AC7987, PR1071, PR1027, AC7894, AC8003, OQ1162, AC7935, AC7901, AC7967) were observed in a GPS control network and used to establish six new points (368SSD-01, 368SSD-02, 368SSD-03, 368SSD-04, 368SSD-05, 368SSD-06) for the primary control for this site was observed and used to control all flight missions and static ground surveys.  The following are the final coordinates of the control points used for this project:                                                        &#xd;
Station Id;Latitude;Longitude;Easting;Northing;Ellipsoidal_Height;Orthometric Height&#xd;
Eastern Block                                                                         &#xd;
368SSD04,45 00 20.58849,-97 03 31.99780,652974.1137,4985418.5658,534.6677,559.8598&#xd;
AC7987,44 53 25.34832,-97 04 33.95021,651921.9851,4972572.9879,502.2003,527.2942  &#xd;
PR1027,44 07 35.76383,-96 45 31.27495,679314.1622,4888376.8313,487.2161,513.0131  &#xd;
PR1071,44 31 53.59693,-96 45 23.46303,678256.4018,4933362.3296,509.1699,534.2054  &#xd;
QQ0640,45 18 59.38662,-97 02 59.00412,652862.7551,5019960.2246,589.6721,614.9944  &#xd;
Western Block                                                                         &#xd;
368SSD01,44 16 04.38891,-97 33 06.78382,615578.0569,4902646.6456,474.0593,499.3552&#xd;
368SSD02,44 11 03.94262,-98 17 28.79747,556640.5261,4892601.3829,375.7676,401.0253&#xd;
368SSD03,44 37 58.96122,-98 18 05.66949,555396.8317,4942424.8609,370.3693,394.8881&#xd;
368SSD05,43 42 07.73595,-98 08 51.49130,568678.5464,4839145.0029,388.6436,414.8141&#xd;
368SSD06,43 24 00.35765,-97 41 41.48358,605687.7767,4806073.8534,375.8463,402.0193&#xd;
AC7894,45 09 22.94129,-98 22 35.00332,549016.143,6,5000510.7875,371.6924,396.1318  &#xd;
AC7901,43 04 57.50468,-97 24 35.58390,629435.0083,477118.9022 381.7834,407.5541  &#xd;
AC7935,43 27 08.77688,-97 07 20.90758,651907.9103,4812771.3508,387.4296,413.6162  &#xd;
AC7967,42 51 02.63635,-96 36 31.55852,695381.0046,4747012.7324,328.9431,354.5871  &#xd;
AC8003,44 53 33.72036,-98 02 38.93507,575476.2048,4971475.2176,395.901,420.3459    &#xd;
KFSD,43 35 02.99664,-96 44 09.87836,682773.2995,4828178.8605,406.7137,433.0136    &#xd;
OQ1162,43 39 58.08709,-97 43 45.64136,602443.5728,4835576.7017,389.1169,415.1584  &#xd;
				                            &#xd;
				</procdesc>
    <srcused>Published_NGS_Coordinates</srcused>
    <srcused>Raw_Control_GPS</srcused>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Control_Network</srcprod>
   </procstep>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>&#xd;
- Airborne acquisition of Lidar&#xd;
GeoDigital International used three Optech ALTM 3100EA to collect the data.&#xd;
The Optech Systems were configured in the following method:&#xd;
&#xd;
Aircraft Speed 150 knots&#xd;
Data Acquisition Height 1300 m AGL&#xd;
Overlap 20-25 %&#xd;
Scanner Field Of View +/- 22 degrees&#xd;
Pulse Repetition Rate 70 KHz&#xd;
Scan Frequency 36 Hz&#xd;
Number of Returns Per Pulse 4 Discrete returns&#xd;
Beam Divergence set to narrow setting&#xd;
Flight Line Length less than 85 km&#xd;
Base Station Distance less than 40 km&#xd;
Resultant Raw Point Density 0.86 pt/m2 excluding overlap&#xd;
&#xd;
Aircraft platforms were used in the collection of this project:&#xd;
A Piper Navajo aircraft was used to conduct the aerial survey.  The Navaho is a fixed wing aircraft that have an endurance of approximately 5 hours.&#xd;
-GPS-IMU: High accuracy IMU (200Hz) and GPS information (1Hz) concerning the attitude and position of the sensor were acquired at the same time as the Laser data. &#xd;
Ground based GPS stations also acquired consecutive GPS information for the duration of the flights. &#xd;
A combination of Sokkia GSR 2600 and NovAtel DL-4+ dual-frequency GPS receivers were used to support the airborne operations of this survey.&#xd;
- Flights and Flight Lines&#xd;
The area is covered by several missions, a mission is defined as the block of acquisition between aircraft take-off and landing flown under good meteorological and GPS conditions, and each mission includes multiple flightlines.&#xd;
&#xd;
</procdesc>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Raw_GPS_IMU</srcprod>
    <srcprod>Raw_Lidar</srcprod>
   </procstep>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>&#xd;
- Airborne GPS Kinematic processing&#xd;
Airborne GPS kinematic data was processed on-site using GrafNav kinematic On-The-Fly (OTF) software. Flights were flown with a minimum of 6 satellites in view (13o above the horizon) and with a PDOP of better than 4. Distances from base station to aircraft were kept to a maximum of 40 km, to ensure a strong OTF (On-The-Fly) solution. For all flights, the GPS data can be classified as excellent, with GPS residuals of 3cm average but no larger than 10 cm being recorded.&#xd;
&#xd;
The Geoid09 geoid model, published by the NGS, was used to transform all ellipsoidal heights to orthometric.&#xd;
</procdesc>
    <srcused>Control_Network</srcused>
    <srcused>Raw_GPS_IMU</srcused>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Processed_Trajectory</srcprod>
   </procstep>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>&#xd;
- Generation and Calibration of laser points&#xd;
Laser data points are generated using Optech's software Dashmap.  Those software combine the raw laser range and angle data file with the finalized GPS/IMU trajectory information. &#xd;
Each mission is evaluated in Terrasolid's Terramatch software to correct any residual roll pitch heading misalignments, if necessary those values are to the data. &#xd;
The resulting point cloud is projected into the desired coordinate system and created in LAS format. One file per swath, files bigger than 2Gb split in 2.&#xd;
On a project level, a coverage check is carried out to ensure no slivers are present.</procdesc>
    <srcused>Raw_Lidar</srcused>
    <srcused>Processed_Trajectory</srcused>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Calibrated_LiDAR</srcprod>
   </procstep>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>&#xd;
- Mission to mission adjustments of Lidar data&#xd;
All missions are validated and adjusted against the adjoining&#xd;
missions for relative vertical biases and collected GPS static and kinematic&#xd;
ground truthing points for absolute vertical accuracy purposes.&#xd;
</procdesc>
    <srcused>Calibrated_LiDAR</srcused>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Calibrated_LiDAR_VertAdj</srcprod>
   </procstep>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc> - Raw Point Cloud&#xd;
        	-All returns, all collected points, fully calibrated and adjusted to ground, by swath.&#xd;
-Fully compliant LAS v1.2 Point Record Format 1&#xd;
-Georeference information was included in all LAS file headers&#xd;
-GPS times are to be recorded as Adjusted GPS Time, at a precision sufficient to allow unique timestamps for each pulse.&#xd;
-Intensity values (native radiometric resolution)&#xd;
-1 file per swath, 1 swath per file, file size not to exceed 2GB for long swaths</procdesc>
    <srcused>VertAdj_Calibrated_LiDAR</srcused>
    <procdate>2012</procdate>
    <srcprod>Client_deliverables</srcprod>
   </procstep>
  </lineage>
 </dataqual>
 <spdoinfo>
  <direct>Point</direct>
 </spdoinfo>
 <spref>
  <horizsys>
   <planar>
    <gridsys>
     <gridsysn>Universal Transverse Mercator</gridsysn>
     <utm>
      <utmzone>14</utmzone>
      <transmer>
       <sfctrmer>0.999600</sfctrmer>
       <longcm>-93.000000</longcm>
       <latprjo>0.000000</latprjo>
       <feast>500000.000000</feast>
       <fnorth>0.000000</fnorth>
      </transmer>
     </utm>
    </gridsys>
    <planci>
     <plance>coordinate pair</plance>
     <coordrep>
      <absres>0.01</absres>
      <ordres>0.01</ordres>
     </coordrep>
     <plandu>meters</plandu>
    </planci>
   </planar>
   <geodetic>
    <horizdn>North American Datum of 1983 (HARN)</horizdn>
    <ellips>Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips>
    <semiaxis>6378137.000000</semiaxis>
    <denflat>298.257222</denflat>
   </geodetic>
  </horizsys>
  <vertdef>
   <altsys>
    <altdatum>North American Vertical Datum of 1988</altdatum>
    <altres>0.01</altres>
    <altunits>meter</altunits>
    <altenc>Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates</altenc>
   </altsys>
  </vertdef>
 </spref>
 <eainfo>
  <overview>
   <eaover>Raw LiDAR point data</eaover>
   <eadetcit>none</eadetcit>
  </overview>
 </eainfo>
 <distinfo>
  <distrib>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntorgp>
     <cntorg>GeoDigital International</cntorg>
     <cntper>Claude Vickers</cntper>
    </cntorgp>
    <cntpos>Program Management Office</cntpos>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
     <address>137 West Central Avenue</address>
     <city>Lompoc</city>
     <state>California</state>
     <postal>93438</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>1-805-740-0077</cntvoice>
    <cntfax>1-805-740-4977</cntfax>
    <cntemail>cvickers@geodigital.com</cntemail>
    <hours>Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time</hours>
   </cntinfo>
  </distrib>
  <resdesc>The LiDAR data was captured for the State of South Dakota for State Wide Mapping and other applications</resdesc>
  <distliab>&#xd;
Users must assume responsibilty to determine the&#xd;
appropriate use of this LiDAR dataset.&#xd;
The LiDAR has been compiled to 1 foot vertical accuracy;&#xd;
Data is representative of ground conditions at time of&#xd;
acquisition only and temporal effect may exist within due to time span of acquistion.&#xd;
</distliab>
  <stdorder>
   <digform>
    <digtinfo>
     <formname>LAS 1.2</formname>
    </digtinfo>
    <digtopt>
     <offoptn>
      <offmedia>Hard drive</offmedia>
      <recfmt>Windows Compatible</recfmt>
      <compat>Windows Compatible</compat>
     </offoptn>
    </digtopt>
   </digform>
   <fees>Current Handling and Processing GeoDigital International Fees</fees>
   <ordering>Proper release required from the State of South Dakota for orders outside of State of South Dakota. Please contact GeoDigital International&#xd;
sales for general GeoDigital International LiDAR library sales.</ordering>
  </stdorder>
 </distinfo>
 <metainfo>
  <metd>20121214</metd>
  <metrd>20121130</metrd>
  <metc>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntorgp>
     <cntorg>GeoDigital International</cntorg>
     <cntper>Claude Vickers</cntper>
    </cntorgp>
    <cntpos>Program Management Office</cntpos>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>Mailing and physical address</addrtype>
     <address>137 West Central Avenue</address>
     <city>Lompoc</city>
     <state>California</state>
     <postal>93438</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>1-805-740-0077</cntvoice>
    <cntfax>1-805-740-4977</cntfax>
    <cntemail>cvickers@geodigital.com</cntemail>
    <hours>Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time</hours>
   </cntinfo>
  </metc>
  <metstdn>FGDC CSDGM</metstdn>
  <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
 </metainfo>
</metadata>
